Green Economy sebagai Strategi Pembangunan Berkelanjutan: Kajian Literatur
Keywords:
Green Economy, Sustainable Development, Implementation Of Green EconomyAbstract
The issues of climate change and environmental degradation demand a sustainable and inclusive development model. One relevant approach is the green economy, which integrates economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social welfare. This research employed a literature review method, examining relevant articles published between 2021 and 2025 on the green economy and sustainable development. The study's findings indicate that the implementation of a green economy significantly contributes to reducing carbon emissions, promoting natural resource conservation, and strengthening the implementation of a circular economy.From an economic perspective, the green transition has been proven to increase Gross Domestic Product (GDP), create environmentally friendly jobs, and expand green investment opportunities through instruments such as green bonds and green sukuk. The social dimension of the green economy emphasizes equitable welfare distribution, increased environmental literacy, and the empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as key actors in supporting the green transition. On the other hand, this study also found various challenges, ranging from regulatory disharmony, limited funding and incentives, to minimal human resource capacity and green technology. Therefore, strengthening integrated policies, expanding green financing instruments, increasing human resource capacity, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are needed to accelerate the transition to a green economy. This research provides theoretical contributions to enrich the literature on sustainable development, as well as practical implications for the government, the private sector, and society in realizing inclusive and sustainable development.
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